A refractive error occurs when the eye is unable to focus light properly on the retina, resulting in blurred vision. It is one of the most common causes of vision problems and can affect people of all ages. 

The main types include:

• Myopia (Near-sightedness): Difficulty seeing distant objects clearly
• Hyperopia (Far-sightedness): Difficulty seeing near objects
• Astigmatism: Distorted or blurred vision at all distances due to irregular corneal shape
• Presbyopia: Age-related difficulty in near vision, usually after 40 years

Common symptoms include:

• Blurred vision (near or distance)
• Eye strain or tired eyes
• Headaches
• Squinting
• Difficulty reading, using screens, or driving
• Poor night vision

Refractive errors are diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination, which includes:

• Vision testing
• Refraction test
• Eye health evaluation 

Regular eye check-ups help in early detection and proper correction.

• Spectacles
• Contact lens
• Lasik
• Other laser procedures
• Phakic lens
• Blade free lasik, CLEAR (LENTICUL REFRACTIVE SURGERY)